This document describes experiment 8 which consists of many tests.
Pipes and T junctions are used to build a maze or labyrinth. Through this maze electrons (balls) are send. Detectors are used to detect the place where the electrons exit the maze. The purpose of the experiment is to describe the behaviour of the electrons.
Thought experiment 8 is based on article in Literature 44.
Maybe the reader after reading this article comes to the conclusion that the author of this book does not like the article. That is not true. What is missing in my opinion, is first, that the article (like so many articles and probably also this book) is not complete in the descriptions of the experiments on which it is based. That is why in this chapter additional tests are included. Secondly to indicate that maybe also other solutions (simpler) are possible to explain what is observed. To prove (validate) if this is true, new experiments are required.
The central part of the experiment is a maze consisting of pipes and T Junctions. Each maze consists of one entry and many exits.
The simplest maze consists of one T junction and two exits.
A T junction consists of a long bar and 2 short bars. The short bars define the direction of the T junction.
Three types of T junctions are used:
For the X junction the short bars are in the +x and -x direction.
For the Y junction the short bars are in the +y and -y direction.
For the Z junction the short bars are in the +z and -z direction.
Electrons are the parts that are sent through the maze.
Electrons have a characteristic which is called direction or spin.
This direction is defined by three parameters: x,y and z.
Each of those parameters can have two values: + and -.
As such there are eight electrons:
+x,+y,+z, +x,+y,-z, +x,-y,+z, +x,-y,-z
-x,+y,+z, -x,+y,-z, -x,-y,+z, -x,-y,-z
T junctions are used to split, separate and select the electron based on their direction or spin.
For the X junction +x electrons will move in the +x direction.
For the Y junction +y electrons will move in the +y direction.
For the Z junction +z electrons will move in the +z direction.
Dectectors are used at the exits of the maze to detect and count the
individual electrons.
If one electrons is send through the maze than one detector should detect
this electron. The counts of the other detectors should be zero.
If n electrons are send through the maze than the sum (in counts) of all the
detectors should be equal to n.
The purpose of the experiments is to separate and study the behaviour of electrons (one by one) when they move through a maze.
The experiment consists of five tests (demonstrations) and one thought experiment.
The purpose of this experiment is to simulate and describe how 20 electrons behave when the maze consists of one junction in the X direction.
The electrons are ejected in the direction from the arrow.
What the experiment shows that 10 electrons are detected at the -x or left side (1) and 10 electrons at the +x or right side (2).
A tally of the results (with totals) is also shown.
Similar results would result if a Z or Y junction would have been used.
This experiment is similar as 3.1 with the difference that at the end of each arm of the X junction a second X junction is installed.
What the experiment shows that 10 electrons are detected at the far left side (1) and 10 electrons at the far right side (4). No electrons are detected at the positions 2 and 3.
What this experiments shows that the first X junction truly splits the electrons in a +x group and a -x group and that this characteristic is main- tained at the second X junction.
Similar results would result if two Z junctions or two Y junctions would have been used.
This experiment is similar as 3.1 with the difference that at the end of each arm of the X junction a Z junction is installed.
What the experiment shows that 10 electrons on the left side of the X junction are split in two groups: +z and -z electrons. What the experiment shows that 10 electrons on the right side of the X junction are also split in two groups.
What the experiment shows that at the end of each arm electrons are detected. For the X, Z, X combination this means that no x preference is maintained.
An X, Z, Z combination is different then a Z, Z combination (See 3.2) because the second combination truly splits the electrons in two groups but the first not.
This experiment is similar as 3.3 with the difference that after each Z junction the arms are combined and then at the end a second X junction is installed.
This experiment shows the same result as experiment 3.2 and demonstrates that the "loop" has no influence on the behaviour of the electrons. Experiment 3.3 shows that each electron after the X junction through either one of the four possibilities goes. Experiment 3.4 shows that, if that is solely the case, that you should expect that electrons should appear at the end of each X junction, because this is an X, Z, X combination.
Because this is not the case the only explanation is that when, for example, an electron the +z route takes that then also "something" through the -z route goes. The same is through when an electron the -z route takes; than also "something" goes through the +z route. At the end of the loop those two parts recombine to form one electron, with exactly the same orientation as before the loop.
This thought experiment is identical as 3.5 with the only difference that the arms of the loops are of different length.
No actual simulation is performed.
The expectation is that when the length are different that electrons will appear at the end of each X junction i.e. no recombination will take place.
It is also possible when the arms have the same length but longer that electrons will appear at the end of each X junction. This could imply that the speed of the electron with takes one route and the "something" that takes the other route are not the same.
The first remark is that the experiments 3.1, 3.3 , 3.4 (X,Z,X) and 3.5 are representations of actual experiments as indicated in Literature 44. The experiments 3.2 and 3.4 (X,Z,Z) and (X,Z,Y) are not based on actual experiments. In the article only two directions are mentioned. (In the drawings three.) Experiment 3.2 is very important because experiment 3.1 (sec) does not "prove" anything. Experiment 3.5 is slightly modified as an intro- duction to thought experiment 3.6.
The second remark is that each experiment could be a representation of an actual experiment. If that is the case then the (simple) logic of the computer program is the best possible description of the reality. I would like to hear from my readers to what extend this is true.
In each T junction a physical process (a change) takes place. What happens inside a T junction is not a measurement. Each measurement is in effect a physical process.
The full behaviour of an electron is not deterministic. You don't know the complete outcome of any specific experiment with one electron.
The following rules apply (which describe the behaviour of an electron):
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